Perkembangan Wakaf Produktif Harta Bergerak Masa Kontemporer

Abstract

Waqf is an economic activity whose system is not significantly different from zakat, infaq, or sadaqah, as it falls under non-market methods of wealth distribution. Waqf is synonymous with the donation or gift of fixed assets—typically land and buildings—to be managed by a trustee for long-term use. Most waqf assets in Indonesia are not economically productive, such as mosques and cemeteries. Therefore, many contemporary thinkers and scholars have sought to develop waqf in line with the times, which has resulted in relevant innovations, namely a type of productive waqf in the form of cash waqf, share waqf, and the like. The purpose of this study is to analyze its development, system, and relevance. This study is classified as a literature review using a qualitative approach, with the meta-synthesis method serving as the author’s analytical tool. The results indicate that in Indonesia, the systems of cash and stock waqf are permitted by the majority of Islamic scholars for use as waqf objects. Both cash and stock waqf can be implemented in two types: cash waqf can be implemented in the form of mutual funds or converted into fixed assets. Meanwhile, the implementation of stock waqf can be carried out in the form of corporate waqf or individual stock waqf.